USE OF FORCE ON CIVILIANS AND HUMAN RIGHTS
Aleksander Krebl
Law Enforcement Specialist, UNDP
• April 10, Saturday, 14:00-17:00
Module 1 -Human Rights Standards from Law Enforcement Training Curriculum and Policing Methods – Good Practices from Slovenia
• April 17, Saturday, 14:00-17:00
Module 2 -Use of Police Force in the Light of the European Convention of Human Rights
Please contact to the department for the Zoom Meeting information details.
On-Line Seminar with Certificate :
All participants who attend both modules of the seminar will be provided with a “Certificate of Participation”.
MODULE 1 : Human Rights Standards from Law Enforcement Training Curriculum and Policing Methods – Good Practices from Slovenia (Module 1) will explore importance of basic and continuous in-service training in correlation to human rights for daily policing practice. Subjects from the basic training curriculum which directly influence human rights policing will be emphasized and the importance of early awareness of police cadets for human rights based, necessary and proportional use of police powers and force will be discussed. Furthermore, Practical Police Procedure Training (PPT) as continuous in-service training method which demonstrate the importance of peer review technique where officers themselves explore and analyse mistakes from their (real) policing practices will be introduced. The direct impact on more human rights based, necessary and proportional policing through officers who are using police powers and force on daily basis which can be corrected with PPT will be an essential part of the Module. Accordingly, the students will have a chance to understand why PPT is used as a mandatory continuous in-service training method for all police officers who are using police powers and force, an integral part of policing. The role of the Division of Prevention and Police Powers in police is another core topic of the module as it elucidates self-awareness control mechanism and its importance for early indication and prevention of excessive use of force in practice. Finally, citizen-focused community policing will be compared with traditional policing. Strengths of both policing methods combined with police leadership styles will be explored and pinpointed what impact they can have on use of police force in practice. This module will give the students an opportunity to see the practical contemporary methods, the issues faced and how to bring new approaches to have a more human rights-based approach in law enforcement/policing methods.
MODULE 2 : Use of Police Force in the Light of the European Convention of Human Rights will emphasise minimum amount of police force needed in circumstances with special focus on adequate force used and continuum force factor. Use of police force will be explored through officers’ knowledge, skills, physical and psychological readiness for daily and public order policing. Means of restraint which are used by police forces will be correlated to the European Convention of Human Rights with the special focus on Articles 2., 3. and 5. Accordingly, the role of the police before, during and after use of force will be defined in terms of adequate training/instructions provided, necessary and proportional amount of force used, documentation/reporting on use of force and enabling in-depth independent investigations. Causal-consequence relation will be pinpointed in accordance with the circumstances where specific force is really needed and used proportionally. Hence, situations where the distinction between passive and active resistances will be described and use of alternative type and amount of force needed will be introduced. The importance of standardised template for use of force report for all law enforcement agencies, in a country, will be explained some guidance for necessary and proportional use of force and its reporting will be examined and explored together with the students. The prerequisite of Law Enforcement Standard Operational Procedures (SOP) and its use in policing will be detailed along with the points on why officers should be leaded through procedures on more precise step-by-step approach. Use of force deficit phenomena will be opened to discussion and its consequences to the society will be explored together. Additionally, importance of an adequate martial arts systems for policing needs and impact on principles of necessity and proportionality when using force will be introduced. Finally, Verbal Judo communication technique will be presented and elucidate strengths of the LEAPS communication method for officers. This technique can in some circumstances prevent escalation of situations and use of force would not be needed besides its use of daily life struggles.
Aleksander Krebl is from Slovenia and has 31 years of experience in home affairs sector. He finished former National Police Cadet School in Ljubljana, Slovenia, obtained diploma in Law at the Faculty of Law, University of Maribor, Slovenia. He continued his pursuit of academic excellence by completing master’s degree in Police Leadership and Management at the Department of Criminology University of Leicester, United Kingdom. He is Master of Martial Arts Systems: Karate Shotokan and Ju-Jitsu, both 3rd Dan.
Aleksander worked 17 years at the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA) of the Republic of the Slovenia as a police officer in different policing branches. In 1996, he was appointed as Instructor for practical police procedures and introduced a totally new curriculum including the use of martial arts techniques for policing needs. In 2000, he was promoted to Police Inspector to the Headquarter of the Slovenian MIA, in charge for strengthening of the Division for Prevention and Police Powers as pre-internal control mechanism for lawful police proceedings. In 2004, he was promoted to Chief Police Inspector to the Police Academy Ljubljana, MIA where he gave lectures for cadets on police powers, practical proceedings and self-defence. Since 2006 (14 years), he has been working as a Law Enforcement Consultant in EU and other funded projects in following countries: North Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Kosovo, Serbia, Romania, Moldova, Georgia, Lebanon and Turkey. His duty covered within the home affairs sector included following thematic areas such as: Integrated Border Management, Human Rights in Law Enforcement, combating organized crime/corruption and prevention of irregular migration. Between 2018 and 2020 Aleksander was appointed to the UNDP Country Office Ankara, as Chief Technical Adviser and leaded two EU funded border management training projects: Increasing Border Surveillance Capacity of Borders Between Turkey and Greece – Phase 1 Project and Border Surveillance Capacity between Turkey and the EU – Phase 2 Project. With joint efforts of Project Team and Beneficiary Institutions, Aleksander has developed training modules on Integrated Border Management, Human Rights and Covid-19. These modules were delivered through face-to-face and on-line trainings. The distance learning training infrastructure was provided through the same project for the use of border staff of the Land Forces Command. Aleksander perceives the course on Use of Police Force on Civilians and Human Rights as a very important and innovative milestone for increasing the knowledge of Law Students in the practical use of Law Enforcement procedures. He invites you as well to personal journey which can change your perception to policing, use of force and human rights contributing to the implementation of UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goal 16.